WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

WE HAVE NOT YET APPRECIATED WOMEN
Recently while attending a Peace Journalism lecture, the tutor asked a fundamental question that apparently most of my classmates including me are yet to find an answer. ”can a woman be raped within marriage?” He asked. This forms my basis on the issues to be looked into as we celebrate the International Women’s Day, today.
However, there is little to celebrate because we have not done enough to elevate women to viable positions in country. For a long time our treatment of women has been based on old barbaric traditions that have since been overtaken by time and events. I must admit albeit reluctantly, that the struggles and gains made by women in our country have gone unnoticed or ignored. Our perceptions on women are simply corrupt and unfounded, in the end, we are blinded to an extend that our parliament consist of only 67 out of 349 members translating to a mere 19%.Caro Ndeti of Embu county is being fought by men from all directions because she is about to be sworn in as the first woman governor in Kenya.
We do not actually have a valid reason why we do not trust women in leadership despite being disapproved time and again. Case in point; Professor Olive Mugenda is almost single-handedly steering Kenyatta University to academic and development prosperity, Professor Wangari Maathai left a legacy in the world that has no match when it comes to environmental advocacy , Cecilia Mwangi has a big heart, she is fighting the jiggers menace in our country, Mama Cecilia Muga (digital granny),65, from Migori county can ride a motorcycle, a car and operate a computer at ease. She can can type 20 words per minute. For her endeavors, Bidco Oil Rifinery Company in partnership with Jordan foundation has appointed her an ICT ambassador to empower women in Migori and most parts of western Kenya.(The standard on Saturday 8th March 2014,page 24-eve woman).I do not need to say anything about Lupita Nyong’o, just read the newspaper headlines, even tomorrows’. There are many great feats that women have scaled, including your mum (you).
To be so cruel are the statistics on women in our country. Women form 52% of the total population of our country (census 2009).Only 1% of the total land in Kenya is owned by women although a significant rise is expected with the advent of the new constitution. While agriculture forms the backbone of our economy, it’s unfortunate that 70% of labor in this sector is provided by women (The Daily nation on Saturday 8th march 2014 page 3.)We have refused to understand that countries with more gender equality have a better economic growth. Even for existence of peace cannot be dreamt of without involving women in making key decisions, indeed, US secretary of state John Kerry agrees that women bear the greatest burden of war but little or no voice in peace fostering processes. Interestingly, these burdens on women are sometimes inflicted by men with the most saddening case highlighted by the Kenyan media last year on 18 girls as young as eleven years impregnated within one year in Chepkurkur Primary school in Mt Elgon,Bungoma county.That expose , I bet was cruel for any mother to bear.
We can therefore overturn this fate as a country by first changing our minds, then laws. Women can do as much as men can, even better. How about St Brigids Girls - Kiminini in Trans Nzoia county beating all schools in the country to the top in KCSE 2013 Religious Education? So, let us all mark this year’s international women day with actions, not gender factions. Brigham Young said that; ‘You educate a man; you educate a man. You educate a woman; you educate a generation.’

By Korir Kennedy

EDUCATION

MY ADVICE TO THE GOVERNMENT ON THE LAPTOP PROJECT
Now that we are almost certain standard one pupils are finally going to receive the much hyped laptops, there are serious issues to look at before the project is formerly implemented.
First, do not issue laptops to children with no classrooms to learn from, desks, teachers or even food. The kids in Turkana and Marsabit and other arid regions will not smile on that blinking screen with an empty stomach, neither will they feel secure (they have never had security anyway) on temporary classrooms with ragged iron sheets. They will fail to understand why the government of the day has always inverted its priorities totally disregarding their most basic of needs.
Secondly, ensure there is constant power supply in these rural schools. Actually, this should be complete by now .Provide alternative sources of energy to those that fall outside the grid .Ensure all the modalities are properly put in place to assure the general safety of the kids and teachers regarding handling of electricity and laptops. This will in turn give birth to a smooth implementation of the project harmoniously across the country. We want to avoid a situation where the project will first focus on urban areas leaving the rural areas to continue languishing in information darkness.
Lastly, the government must put on proper infrastructure for continuous repair of laptops and projectors. Laptops are fragile and prone to defects especially when they are used by children. If  this is not done, the project might stall in the first term of implementation. Concerning the memory of the laptops, 320 GB  for standard one kids is too much and unnecessary, one wonders what bulk of data processing will be taking place in class one beyond simple arithmetic’s and typing short word documents? At least 40 GB would have allowed for purchase of more laptops or even train more teachers. Although the all project is a collective responsibility, a lot depends on the seriousness with which the government handles it lest it becomes counterproductive.

HOMOSEXUALITY

WHY MUSEVENI HIT THE BULLS’ EYE ON GAYS AND LESBIANS.
Tired of unending debate and pressure from the western powers, President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni woke up  with a solution to the problem-signing the anti-gay bill into law.
The tough talking former army general who has ruled Uganda for more than two decades albeit toppling Dr Milton Obote did not mince his words when he called a rare press conference attended by members of the forth estate , government officials and even the scientists! Under the watchful eyes of the international press, he appended his signature on the bill that seeks to illegalize homosexuality sending a chilling message to America and other sympathizers of the vice.
The message here was crystal clear that Uganda and Africa at large has no room for homosexuals and other related behaviors. The Ugandan president reminded the Obama administration that his country cannot be intimidated to embrace a culture that his people have never lived with. In fact he was brave enough to tell them that he didn’t mind losing foreign donations if it meant protecting Africanism. Methinks Museveni made the right move and his inferences are quite reasonable and sound.
First, it must be known that no human being was born gay or lesbian, at least for now. The assertion that people can be born with the vice is a daylight lie, unproven, misleading and uncalled for. In fact, it’s a red herring meant to distort the reality and avoid constructive debate on the issue. Currently there is no scientific proof of existence of genes that define same sex orientation. The closest the American doctors have come to discover is that there is a possibility of such gene existing in insects. Therefore the debate should not go further as the best it can happen here is a clueless discussion.
Secondly, Museveni reminded us on the adverse effects this practice can have on the society. We were all born and brought up in societies that had high cultural and moral standards. It is natural for boys to date girls and woman and man to be pronounced husband and wife. It clearly begs a question, who on this earth has the power to change this life routine? Are they justified to do so? Well, somebody argued that you can remove a man from a village but not vice versa. So the best we can do is to stem out barbaric cultural practices that hinder human development. America might be right on its democratic agenda but there is a line they should dare not to cross. It’s a different country that does not have closely knit society unlike Africa where things are done collectively, children look up to the older members of society for advice and direction, majority of the populated are less educated and values and norms are adhered to at all times.
Another issue that must not be given a raw deal as far as homosexuality is concerned is the dangers of contracting STI’s. Doctors have continuously warned that oral sex can easily spread STI’s , Hepatitis B and even HIV and AIDS. This will consequently complicate the current efforts that are devoted to fighting the disease menace in the region. We should all keep in mind that the tropical Sahara- home for killer diseases like malaria ,typhoid and cholera- are already a burden to fight and therefore efforts should be concentrated towards eradicating them, not creating others even if unconsciously. Uganda is one of the most vulnerable in the region and her actions should not be misunderstood however cruel they may appear.
Lastly, having understood the circumstances under which homosexuality exists and spreads, we need to critically analyze the whole thing and look outside the picture. What value does it add to the society or the country at large? People talk about change. Yes, change is inevitable in the hands of the current information age. Technology has revolutionized, roads have gone supper, screens have become digital, we are doing away with the analogue thing and can you believe that our standard one pupils will be smiling all day in class with laptops on their laps.320gb computers for standard one kids!.All these are happening right now because we know in the first place what we are changing and the obvious benefits that come along. The same cannot be said of same sex marriages or such relationships, its retrogressive and adds no important value to what we want to be like in future, it’s not that dream society we would like to have in future. A lot of holes can also be poked on how in the first place people arrived at it. For instance, why is it only common in urban centres and among a learned class? Why would one walk thousands of miles across Marsabit, West Pokot and Turkana counties without bumping into a group of people demanding ‘gay’ rights?
So as much as Mr Museveni might have bitten the finger that feeds him, its worth because somebody had to make a bold move and apply brakes. After all he publicly declared that Uganda is rich and brushing shoulders with the big brother is not a big deal. The new law that can now confine a person guilty of the offence behind bars for up to 14 years is expected to set precedence among other African states.  Meanwhile America must go slow on Africans and give us time to deliberate on the issue.

By Kennedy C korir

25/02/2014

PRESS FREEDOM

            PREREQUISITES OF PRESS FREEDOM IN KENYA

The United Nations Universal Declaration of human rights Article 19 defines press freedom as; “the right to freedom of opinion and expression, this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers.”Although this definition might not be universal, it does to some extend sums up what press freedom means in most states.

            Since press freedom is important in social, economic and political development of the people, the state must provide an arable ground for growth of such freedom. Article 33 (1) of the constitution Of Kenya on freedom of expression clearly states that, “every person has the right to freedom of expression which includes-freedom to seek, receive or impart information or ideas.”This means that from people seeking information from the government officials, bloggers offering their opinions on internet to newspaper columnist expressing their points of view on pages of dailies. The government must accommodate all these. And although such freedoms are limited courtesy of constitutional provisions, it does not either give a state the power to freely oppress by arresting and intimidation of journalists whereby they misuses such freedom.

            Free ownership of the media is also a key ingredient to press freedom in Kenya. For people to get all different views of information on issues, ownership of the media should not be restricted to certain people on the basis of class, culture religion or political views. Everyone has a free will to choose what to listen to what to watch or discard. If it’s a person looking up something on internet, he/she can take what suits them best as contemplated on Article 35 of the constitution of Kenya 2010.The state is also restricted from exercising control or interfering with production and circulation of information by a medium as Article 34 (2,3,4) states that, “the state shall not –(a) exercise control over or interfere with any person engaged in broadcasting, the production or circulation of any publication or dissemination of information by any medium or (b) penalize any person for any opinion or view on the content of any broadcast, publication or dissemination.”

            Part three of this article also gives any person a freedom to establish a media house, electronic or print broadcast. And although this is subject to licensing procedures, any media house will be established regardless of politics or other factors. It states that, “broadcasting and other electronic media have freedom of establishment, subject only to licensing procedures.” It goes further to expound on reason for such procedures.

            The state must also surrender information that is important to the public. Such information are those held by the state officials regarding public funds,spending,security of the state or any information held by another person that might require the state to compel such person to give such information that might be crucial in exercising or protection of fundamental freedom. Article 35 (1)a and b clearly underlines this freedom with the second part stating that, “every citizen has the right to access information held by the state and any other person and required for exercising or protection of fundamental freedom.” With time the state must also provide the public with information that affect or important for the people as underlined on part three of this article

            Lastly, the state must also refrain from exercising media bias if press freedom is anything to be achieved soon. Laws must be applied equally and accordingly regardless of the views, alienation or nature of the media owners.Kenya has for a long time seen the government attacking media houses with the famous raid of The Standard Group in 2006 standing out.

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MEDIA AND THE STATE

                               Perceived threats of the media over state

        

 When the 10^th parliament passed The Information Communication Bill 2013 a forthright ago, it was clearly seen by many critics as a move by the government to muzzle the ever increasing power of the media. Others viewed this as a tactical move by politicians to take away the democratic space that has been painfully fought for many years since the advent of multipartism in early 1990’s.

            However, irrespective of these opinions, the fact stands out that this bill that has been branded draconian with contagious clauses was hurriedly passed by a house shy of a quorum and its now resting on the hands of the head of state to either make it a law or take it back to the house. Whatever it comes out the whole thing emanated from what the government might have considered an embarrassment when the media openly ex very posed the security weakness and naivity in handling the Westgate mall attack on late September. At the very least the government looked unprepared to handle security emergencies; there was apparent lack of coordination among the various agencies that were involved. Most notably of all, Interior cabinet secretary Joseph Ole Lenku constantly fed the country with conflicting information regarding the number of the terrorist in the mall and the causalities.On the other hand hand army chief General Julius Karangi is alleged to have bullied his way in involving his men to take over the operation to the shock of the various police units that were already carrying out the operation. The media put all these flaws to the public, on the third day of the operation journalist were pushed as far as 300 meters from the mall for what the army considered “security purposes”. In the end the coup ended in a dramatic fashion n left the public with many questions than answers. Consequently the government felt that the media had pinned the too much to the wall.

            Another threat that the media posses over the state are its role in analysis and interpretation of issues. The most crucial role in any state is checking on the government, that is playing the watchdog role. In as much as some government officials might want to strike deals in the dark, establish unconstitutional policies or oppress the citizens among other things, the media cannot relent on such. With most of the state officials taking advantage of the large illiterate population, the media stands for them by explaining, interpreting and analyzing issues that no other institution would have played that role. Most of these government officials have found themselves on the receiving end with regards to issues of corruption, immorality and poor leadership. Nonetheless the press shapes these leaders keeps them on the check and helps to eliminate injustices and helps fight for the oppressed while at the same time trying to stand for the truth and honesty in reporting these issues.

                Even though Article 34 (1) a of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 clearly states that;”The state shall not exercise control over or interfere with any person engaged in broadcasting, the production or circulation of any publication or dissemination of information by any medium”, the press was hugely blamed for aggravating the post-election violence of 2007-08.Many government officials and politicians argued that were it not for the way the media handled the violence, the magnitude of the chaos might not have taken the lives of over 1300 Kenyans and rendered 650,000 homeless.Furthermore,it goes without mention that during that fateful period, most people restricted themselves to their homes catching the events of the elections on television or listening to radio.

The media might have therefore exposed the peaceful places to violence by showing disturbing pictures and sending alarming messages by most vernacular radio stations.In fact, Journalists Joshua Sang at that time a radio presenter at Kass Fm is accused of perpetrating violence by use of radio. He is currently facing the charges at The Hague based court ICC.The state at that time therefore felt that the media frustrated its efforts to quell the violence at a time the country needed it most.

            Emergence of large media industries is also viewed by many as a threat to the government.J.Baran,(2006) when writing on mass communication defined oligopoly-a concentration of media industries into a smaller number of companies and such has an enormous effect on mass communication. This is therefore a great concern to the state in the sense that such kind of media ownership is likely to rival government parastatals with the similar interests besides its impact in communicating to the masses. In some countries a media house is restricted on the number of audience it can concentrate into a niche. The state must therefore work out a plan to curb such continued trend of the media ownership. Already, a clause on such is contained on the bill that is awaiting the presidential assention.

            The nature of the press being a threat must therefore be explored and regulated. On the other hand the media, the public together with the state must strive to achieve a balance on how each must depend on the other.

By Korir.

SECURITY MENACE

‘NYUMBA KUMI’, A RESPITE FOR INSECURITY MENACE

When the government announced last week that ‘Nyumba kumi’ (ten houses) community policing concept was going to be implemented, leaders across the country reacted in different tunes.

KDF OFFICERS AT WESTGATE

First, some members of parliament dismissed the plan on grounds that it will create different centers of power on the grassroots administration, then citizens living in urban centers added the voice that it may not work in such areas .Whether their opinions count or not depends on how positive the Kenyans will be in embracing the initiative.Nyumba kumi seeks to facilitate information sharing and promote confidence between the people and the police. For a long time most Kenyans have either failed to give the police important security information or they have ignored under the guise that it’s none of their business or for the fear of being haunted.

It’s high time that Kenyans should re-think about this and initiate the plan for the security of the country at large. In the wake of the devastating terrorism attack at Westgate last month, police believe that the attackers had rented a house in Parklands three months before they reigned at the mall. This subsequently raised a series of questions to be answered. How did the terrorist manage to stay and operate in that area for such a long time without the suspicion of the neighbours? And if they did suspect their activities, what action was taken?

INTERIOR SECRETARY OLE LENKU

The questions will go a long way to be answered but we can avoid such an incident in future by embracing this initiative that has been hugely successful in our neighboring countries like Ethiopia, Tanzania and Rwanda. In Tanzania the leaders are called balozi (ambassadors) or mwenyekiti wa kitongoji (village chairman).A household has to notify him of all the visitors and their period of stay in that area. This will in turn help the security system to keep a record of movement of people from one area to another and record their activities.

 The onus is therefore on all citizens and leaders to put politics aside and support the government in smoking out criminals and terrorists out the villages and urban areas

HIGHER EDUCATION IN KENYA

STATE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN KENYA APPALLING

When former president Hon Mwai Kibaki elevated The Kenya Polytechnic University College to Technical University of Kenya early this year, it was hugely expected to start a new road map under which higher education in Kenya would be expanded and made accessible to the rapidly increasing population.

            Little did we know that that was not to be case, more universities across the country were chattered bringing to a total number of public universities to twenty. Although this was a good initiative by the government in a bid to streamline vision 2030 agenda, but now the move seems ill timed and misplaced. The new universities are facing multiple challenges of coping up with the bulky number of students admitted by the joint admissions board (JAB) each year. Most of them lack enough infrastructure, academic resource materials, academic staff and accommodation. It therefore leaves us with a huge question whose answer cannot be fathomed. How does a student gets admitted in a university where there is limited or no academic facilities?

            According to the University’s Act, universities are supposed to be research and innovation (www.cue.or.ke/‎ ) centres to provide the country with necessary labour skills in different sectors.Instead; most universities have become theory oriented even in purely technical courses like design, engineering and journalism. Students no longer spend time in practical fields; instead they attend a heavy schedule of lectures ranging from morning to evening throughout the week. Most of these schedules do not take into account that students are supposed to spend time in libraries gathering academic resourses.at the same time these academic resources might not be adequate for all the students and the lectures to conduct studies and research. It’s disgusting that even the administrators of these institutions have turned a blind eye to these obvious challenges. Most of them are either not concerned about the welfare of the students or have given up the challenge coming up with a realistic way of facing out these challenges. They have become too naïve to steer a sector that is so crucial to the industry and economic development of this country.

            On the other hand, the remaining Polytechnics and Technical institutes are slowly being swallowed by the already established universities and turning them into constituent colleges and satellite canpuses.These institutions are supposed to provide middle level skilled labor for the industries that are fast developing and seal a dangerous gap that arises when universities do not provide the required skills. It’s almost impossible to travel nowadays a kilometer without seeing a large billboard or a hurriedly printed banner declaring presence of a university even within an already crowded urban center like Nairobi central business district. If this trend is anything to go by, there is no denying that with time the country will lack the much needed skills that cannot be adequately provided by the universities or other institutions of higher learning.

 Sectors like Agriculture, motor vehicle assembly, design art and jua kali will most likely to lose quality and impact negatively on the economic development of the country.

            Even though there is a common feeling among many academic experts that education is rapidly being commercialized, whether this claim can hold any water or not is not important, what is crucial is for various concerned sectors to put the government to task so as to achieve equilibrium between the output of the training institutions and the industry needs. It simply means the universities and other institutions producing what the industry urgently recur so that cases of wasted skills does not occur.

STUDENTS DURING GRADUATION CEREMONY

            The government therefore needs to seriously evaluate its education policies that will spearhead management of higher education in the country. Establishment of both public and private universities must be controlled while technical institutions and national polytechnics must be protected and autonomies besides adequately equipping and expanding their scopes in terms of programs and training. We need to borrow a leaf from countries such as China, Japan and Indonesia whose economies have thrived tremendously courtesy of an industry friendly education system. Most notably of all, Japans’ education system played a key role in countries’ economic development after the Second World War. Of all the courses offered in vocational programs, 72% account business and industry courses. At the same time most university students fee are subsidized by the government and other related institutions.

This there must act a lesson to our country. We need to reconstruct our higher education policies and re-align them appropriately depending on how best it can boost economic development hence make vision 2030 a reality in the offing.

challenges of higher education in kenya